换单就是提单换提货单(SWITCH BILL)。收货人先接到发货方的B/L(BILL OF LADING)，船到达收货方港口后，收货人持B/L到船公司指定换单处换取D/O(DELIVERY ORDER)，整箱货一般都要换取提货单后持提货单报关，交纳港口费用及提货。

换单条件

1.提单整有效

正本提单：应有”Original”字样，并有船公司发货港代理的签字盖章。

副本提单：字迹清晰可辨，内容完整。

2.提单背书正确有效

记名提单应有与提单收货人一致的公章真迹背书，指示提单应有与提单发货人一致的真迹背书及提单持有人的公章真迹背书。

3.持副本提单换单应出具有收货人公章的真迹背书的保函，且副本提单与保函上的背书应一致。

4.换单前，应向船公司了解所持提单之到达目的港的船名航次，并将贵司联系方式留在提单背面。

5.换单后，应仔细核对提单与提货单内容。如发现问题，可及时向经办人员问询。

拼箱换单如何操作

拼箱换单：一般都是电放的提单，你得准备有一张有收货人正本章的空白纸做换单保函之用，基本上没有直单，全是货代的套单，比较简单，一般套单上面都有本地代理的联系方式和地址，不过都是英文的

整箱换单：正本的多些，东南亚的基本都是电放。步骤和拼箱没太大区别。说说正本换单，你要去船公司去换，有的船公司交给联代，外代，外运等这些大公司来代理，他们代理的时候应船公司的要求会压你一张空白支票，怕集装箱有损坏或者丢失。，其他的你要注意的就是平时多多积累各个代理公司船公司的电话地址什么的，还有就是换单的时候一定要注意核对箱号，这东西有时候也会出错，发现的早可以避免损失的。

货代单的流程

hipper拿着外代H.B/L——交结汇银行——开证银行——CNEE——我司代理，代理将M.B/L交回船公司安排放货，通知Consignee去提货(Consignee已在货到前就做好了清关手续及交目的港产生的Local Charge及换单费)。

注：进口情况下，一般是船代或船公司出提货单，货代跟船公司用船东单换提货单，货主跟货代用货代提单换回货代从船公司得来的提货单!一层套一层的关系，有N层单子，就换N-1次单!只知道这样，这个是进口的根本!换完单之后就是等着通关提货了。

提货单又称小提单，不具有流通性质.是在目的港凭借提单到货代换取.凭借提货单到仓库去提货.

因为船公司采用”集中卸船，仓库提货”的做法，所以产生了提货单。

进口二次换单

进口二次换单是由于转船运输，必须凭一程正本提单换取二程提单传真件。凭传真件换取提货单。

二次换单跟转船没关系的，主要由于发货人那，没直接拿到船公司的MASTER B/L，而是找了货代公司订舱，由货代公司签发HOUSE B/L给发货人，用来在目的港换单造成的。这样就需要收货人在目的港找到H B/L的上的换单代理(即发货人那边，签发H B/L的公司，其在目的港合作伙伴，可能是分公司，也可能是合作公司)，先换取M B/L(一次换单)，再以M B/L向船公司进行换单(二次换单)，然后才能申报，提货(有部分海关可以以H B/L申报)。

费用问题：1、二次换单会产生2次的换单费用。2、另外海运费上可能会有差价的。

附：英文

What is a Switch Bill of Lading and when and why is it used..??

In the normal course of business you might have come across the term Switch Bill of Lading.. A “Switch” bill of lading is the second set of bill of lading that may be issued by the carrier (or agent) in exchange for the first set of bill of lading originally issued when the shipment was effected..

Why does one ask for or require a Switch bill of lading..?? Switch bills are requested generally when there has been a change in the original trading conditions.. Some of the reasons could be :

• Goods could have been resold and the discharge port has now been changed to another port and this could have occurred as a high-seas sale..
• The seller (who could be an intending agent) does not wish the name of the actual exporter to be known to the consignee in case the consignee strikes a deal with the exporter directly..
• The seller does not want to know the buyer to know the actual country of origin of the cargo so he requests that the port of loading be shown as some port other than the one the cargo was loaded from..

The practice of issuance of switch bills of lading is considered by many, Including TT Clubs and insurance companies, to be dubious or fraudulent depending upon the reasons why the switch bill of lading is required to be issued..

In order to protect themselves from any possible claims arising out of issuing switch bills of lading, the shipping line/agent have to ensure that

• They are covered by their insurance for issuance of such switch bills of lading
• They should provide their insurance company with the exact reason for the issuance of the switch bill of lading..
• They must have the written authority of the prinCIPal before issuing the switch bill of lading, if the issuing party is acting as agents for a shipping line or principal..
• They must issue the switched bill only after collecting the first set of bills, as the dangers of two sets of original bills in circulation for the same cargo are many..
• The switched set should not contain any information different to that of the original bill of lading, (like incorrect port of loading, or change in the condition and quantity of the cargo).. If switch bills contains misrepresentations, the carrier/agent will be at risk of claims from parties who have suffered a loss because of such misrepresentations..
• If the agent has been asked by the principal to issue the switch bill of lading based on an indemnity from the customer, the agent should ensure to get the wording format from the principal and get the completed indemnity approved by the principal before issuing the switch bill of lading..

It seems to be the concerted view of almost all insurance companies covering exports, that a switch bill of lading issued with any misrepresentation or information contrary to the first set issued, without the express acCEPtance and understanding of the buyer is a fraudulent document..